The Ethical Dilemma Of The Medical Field - 1619 Words

An ethical dilemma is a situation that involves a mental conflict between moral obligations and imperatives whereby one obeying them may transgress another. For a situation to be termed as an ethical dilemma; an ‘agent’ must make a decision regarding an action they perceive best. Also, there must be a variety of different course of action that one can choose from, and that regardless of the course of action taken in the situation an ethical principle must be compromised. It means that in an ethical dilemma, there is no perfect solution. One primary source of ethical dilemmas in the medical field today is Euthanasia. Euthanasia is a process that entails deliberately ending a person’s life, with the intention of relieving their pain and†¦show more content†¦They argue that it should be accepted both morally and legally in aspects surrounding severely ailing patients. There are three ethical approaches that could be used in solving ethical issues. They include: †¢ Deontological ethical approach †¢ Teleological ethical approach †¢ Virtue-Based Approach Deontological approach The approach builds up from the idea that the most ethical choice is one that is morally right in the prospective society. It argues that some actions should not be permitted despite their consequences (Waluchow, 2003).In a situation where one is suffering from a terminal illness and are in extreme pain, they may request for an assisted suicide. Is it unethical or immoral to grant someone assisted suicide as a way to relieve their pain? The big question remains. Should anyone be granted a mercy killing? Primarily, the society admits that it is morally wrong to kill another human being. Killing someone else is an offense that with serious consequences under the law (Hinman, 2012). The society, however, needs to differentiate Euthanasia from the killing of an innocent person. Recognizing that Euthanasia is done on request of the individual, who is suffering, would bring out a different point of view regarding Euthanasia. Unlike most ethical theories, in society, life is made up of diff erent expectation Teleological Ethical Approach The approach is more concerned with the consequence of an action (Waluchow, 2003).Show MoreRelatedEthical Dilemma Within The Medical Field1687 Words   |  7 PagesEthical Dilemma within a Household There are various ethical dilemmas throughout the medical field. Some cases are more challenging than others. In, â€Å"My Sister’s Keeper,† a thirteen-year-old girl named Anna, hired a lawyer to sue her parents for medical emancipation. Anna was conceived to become a medical donor to her older sister Kate who was diagnosed with acute promyleocytic leukemia. After several years of donating to her sister, she eventually decides to express her feelings about no longerRead MoreHow Dnr Causes an Ethical Dilemma Essay1694 Words   |  7 PagesRunning Head: HOW DNR CAUSES AN ETHICAL DILEMMA How DNR Causes an Ethical Dilemma Deann Morgan HCA 322, Health Care Ethics and Medical Law Dr. David Cole January 22, 2010 Abstract This paper will present an argument of how the process of do not resuscitate (DNR) results in an ethical dilemma for workers in the healthcare field. In presenting the argument, thisRead MoreImproper Comprehension And The Practice Of Proper Patient Care944 Words   |  4 Pagesknow and you can jump right into the field right? Well being able to read and memorize terms from a textbook so that they can be defined for probably what will be a short period of time is just a form of term regurgitation. It does not provide all the tools needed for ensuring the practice of proper patient care. Improper comprehension can take away from proper patient care so it is critical to relate textbook terms to real life examples. Although learning medical definitions through a book can be beneficialRead MoreEthical Dilemmas in Healthcare1032 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: ETHICAL DILEMMAS IN THE HEALTHCARE SETTING Ethical Dilemmas in Healthcare Harold Ben Harris Jr. Trident University International BHS365 - Ethics in the Healthcare Setting (Mod 1 - SLP) Charles Spach November 3rd, 2012 Abstract Session Long Project: The goal of the Session Long Project is to identify and evaluate the ethical principles used in resolving ethical dilemmas, and to apply the principles to specific ethical issues that may haveRead MoreThe Codes Of Conduct Are Guidelines And Procedures1347 Words   |  6 Pagesimplemented, so that workers can adhere to the highest standards of care while utilizing ethical approaches and codes of conduct, amounts to the foundations of Long-term care facilities based on principles. It is the responsibility of such parties that include upper levels of management to the lowest levels to avoid such conduct that goes against the stated codes already establishes within the ethical areas. The healthcare field encompasses different areas and specialties, where it is deemed most common isRead MoreImportance of Ethical Theory in Nursing1322 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The concept of ethical nursing and culturally competent care are becoming more and more important in the contemporary nursing practice (Smith Godfrey,2002).Despite their general appreciation in nursing practice, challenges and dilemma often clouds their application in a world which is continually being marked with a culturally diverse and demanding population. In this paper we present a critical review of ethics and cultural competence in professional nursing practice with a clearRead MorePlastic Surgery Ethics Essay1605 Words   |  7 PagesPlastic surgery is a rapidly evolving field spread around the world. Plastic surgery deals with human appearance and is becoming a more profitable business throughout the years. It is divided into two sections, reconstructive and cosmetic surgery. An ethical dilemma that corresponds to plastic surgery is the loss of human values patients encounter once they undergo surgery. Also, individuals that depend on cosmetic surgery detract from patients that are in urgent need of these procedures. The replacementRead MoreEthical Dilemma Of The United States Army Aviation Branch1685 Words   |  7 PagesThe essay identifies an ethical dilemma in the United States Army Aviation Branch. It seeks to identify the root cause of the problem using the ethical lenses of rules, outcomes, and virtue provide by the Center for the Army Profession and Ethic. Modern Army Leaders face an ethical dilemma, specifically in low-density Military Occupational Specialties, of completing the mission and enforcing the standards of Army Regulation 600-9. Units deploying or conducting critical training need Soldiers orRead MoreEthical and Legal Problems Faced by Nurse Practioner1459 Words   |  6 PagesEthical and Legal Problems Faced by Nurse Practitioners HCA322: Health Care Ethics amp; Medical Law (BGE1226A) Instructor: Eugene Elliott Cara Gerlach 7/23/12 Ethical and Legal Problems Faced by Nurse Practitioners Every medical professional has or will face some ethical and legal issues in the Medical Field, the Nurse Practitioners (NP) are no different. Fant stated that in an ethical dilemma there are no right answers or solutions; however, in these dilemmas there are no wrong answers eitherRead MoreEthical Dilemmas Of Health Care1224 Words   |  5 PagesEthical Dilemmas in Health Care Nurses are constantly challenged by changes which occur in their practice environment and are under the influence of internal or external factors. Due to the increased complexity of the health system, nowadays nurses are faced with ethical and legal decisions and often come across dilemmas regarding patient care. From this perspective a good question to be raised would be whether or not nurses have the necessary background, knowledge and skills to make appropriate

Summary Of A Child Called Louis - 1384 Words

Louis Lopez English I Mr.Tuckerman 17 November 2015 A Child Called â€Å"Louis† Okay to understand why Alex was such good friend to me i’ll have to tell you a little bit of my back story. So My family and I lived in a very small house it was more like a shed than a house. My family at the time was a family of 6 my mom, my dad, my five sisters and me. Since I was the youngest at the time I was picked on by all five of my sisters so I tried to stay out of the house as much as I could. I would usually play by myself since I didn’t talk to anyone in the neighborhood. It was a pretty bad neighborhood so my mom never really let me talk to anyone. At the time my father was in a gang so I was hardly allowed to be seen in public with my dad in fear†¦show more content†¦I would always go to his house we would play army and star wars I went over to his house so much his mom and dad consider me apart of there family. I would do everything with Alex he was like a brother to me. As we got older we started to hang out w ith his older brother more. His brother wasn’t this best kid to hang out with. His brother was a very bad kid he would steal, get in fights and talk about shooting people. At the time Alex and I didn’t know better we thought his brother was the coolest guy around so we followed him around like dogs and did everything he told us to do we would fight other kids for his entertainment I would pickpocket people if he wanted more money Alex would steal snacks from the store for him. The older we got the more we realized what we were doing. we tried to stay away from his brother as much as we could but we couldn’t we hanged out with him for so long we were his slaves for so long we just couldn’t get away from him. Until one day Alex’s dad past away he died in a car crash this hit Alex and his older brother realy hard. I did my best to cheer up Alex but I just couldn’t he wouldn’t come outside he wouldn’ eat he never even came out of his room. I would go into his room to try to cheer him up. His room was pitch black there was leftover food his mom tried to feed him his clothes were everywhere and he just sat in the corner of the room just sitting there staring into the darkness not making a single

Looking Forward free essay sample

There I was, four years old, standing in the driveway, then bounded by snow, of what used to be our home in Washington D.C. My Washington Nationals jacket kept my body at a cozy ninety-seven degrees, while I witnessed my dad and uncles load the few remaining pieces of furniture into the bright orange U-Haul truck sitting in the ice-covered street. The tear running down my face would have frozen if not for my Opa’s brushing it off in a tender moment of trying to console my broken heart. The moving truck’s engine roared, signaling one thing to me: I was about to be stripped from the atmosphere where, at the age of four, I knew I belonged. We were embarking on a nine-hour journey south, to Daytona Beach, Florida, our new â€Å"home.† Washington D.C. was no, is my true home. The city had become a part of me, like a vital organ. We will write a custom essay sample on Looking Forward or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And how would I survive without that dynamic tissue? If possible, my blood would run thick with the distinct pedestrians flooding the streets of D.C., New York, even Boston. However, my first excursion to the dauntingly large epicenter of life, known as New York City, had me awestruck. The cultural diversity, arousing height of the superstructures called skyscrapers, and the infinite energy of the city excited me and frightened me all at one miraculous moment. To assimilate to one of these singular organisms populated with some of the most stimulating people in the world sounds like a dream, but it is just within my reach. Upon attending a university located either in or on the outskirts of such a magnificent magnet for life, I could truly experience the type of environment in which I long to be immersed. An animated, aggressive, energetic city, too big for its own good would imbue my being with the palpable skills necessary to not only survive, but blossom in the urban jungles of t he world. I can see it now: eighteen years after leaving D.C., sitting with my fellow classmates as an honorable alumnus congratulates the class of 2016. We dawn our lustrous gowns and radiant caps with tassels draped to the left. My palms sweat as the anticipation builds for the moment when I finally receive my diploma and my tassel irrevocably shifts to the right. Another bright orange U-Haul truck is loaded with the furniture from my apartment, as I am about to embark on the journey known as the rest of my life. The future is daunting, but I face it with determination, for I am a college graduate.

Must gay marriage to be legal

Introduction The issue of same-sex marriages provides a heated debate due to lack of neutrality and diversity of opinion among writers and everyone else in the society. There is huge religious opposition of extending the laws on marriage to cater for gay marriages.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Must gay marriage to be legal? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Based on these grounds, homosexuality face secularly based moral objection, rejection or only partial acceptance and this paper will base the argument on this indications. The dispute against same sex-marriages is also depends on various worldly arguments in relation to the moral principles, ethical and religious values. The debate is either a double-sided sword that supports or opposes discrimination against bisexuals and homosexuals. This paper supports that people are generally entitled to right of protection against discrimination based on sexua l orientation. There must be equal benefits over protection by civil laws. Both the opposite and same-sex couples require legal recognition but this does not mean the argument herein is a one sided support for need to change the meaning of marriage to incorporate gay marriages. Arguments Against Gay Marriages In line with Somerville (p 3), the nature of marriage is a presentation of a societal institution that symbolically protects human nature of reproduction through advocacy of opposite sex marriages in terms as inherent relationships. The development of the society depends on the institutions such as religious societies that guide on various matters such as marriages and major argument against gay marriages have foundation on these religious institutions. Marriage Since time in history, the religious definition of marriage is an institution of putting together and upholding social and cultural values that govern the transformation of human life such as the procreation matters. To date, marriage in the religious setting presents an institutionalized situation that transforms human life from a generation to another by nurturing and protecting life. The inherent capacity to transmit new life makes the relationship between man and woman viable as opposed to the same sex relationships. The outline of marriage therefore takes the natural course and alteration of this definition to integrate same-sex relationships would jeopardise the functionality as outlined religiously (Somerville, p 4). The situation would no longer support the inherent proactive relationship that represents opposite-sex relationships. Homosexuality would definitely change the fundamental nature particularly the norm governing procreation or reproduction. Culture On the other hand, culture makes human to be similar and distinctive from the other animals and technological-intelligent systems. There are various difficulties connected to the issue of forming consensus in the secular society unles s one is in a position of creating a society that supports the cultural paradigm that comprises of the social values, myths or believes and attitudes.Advertising Looking for research paper on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The main aim of such a belonging is to emphasize on the true meaning of life for individual and society in general. Marriage is part of culture in support of cultural attitudes, believes and values that are concern with reproduction (Somerville, p 4). The importance of legal recognition of marriages is to establish secular means of supporting a culture that relates to support of life like the religious setting. There is need to limit marriages to the opposite-sex relationship, considering the current technological advancement where it is possible to support existence of human life by use of asexual replication also known as cloning. Without a proper safeguard of marriage, there are possibili ties of sabotaging the social-cultural ecology concerns with such procreations of human beings. Individualism People often consider decisions concern with reproduction as individual matters and therefore decisions concerning reproduction are private or confidential (Somerville, p 7). This is a wrong impression because the state has a right to interfere with relationship matters through the law. Marriage involves the state as a third party as well as God if it is a religious vow. It is not a private decision, but a concern of the society because a divorce certainly requires decisions through a family court. The society therefore has to involve in marriage decisions through the law. Definitions of Marriage Marriage commitment is for the reason that eventually it should promote the well-being of the society or family through procreation and support of human life. Culturally, marriage is therefore not an affiliation for its own benefits and interests, or that of the partners but for fam ily and societal gains (Man Yee Karen, p 62). Would this notion be attainable if the institution extended to involve the same-sex relationships? Marriage is therefore primarily an important concept in the society due to dependence on the expectations of human existence. This is a great fact that people often miss and the current individualistic society looks at the importance of marriage as a formation close or intimate to relationships among couples. This is truly a strong basis for the formation but a weak link in support of future prospects of life. The same sex couples advocate for recognition on the same grounds of public recognition and intimacy. The fight for heterosexual or homosexual relationships therefore depends on the definition of the term ‘marriage’.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Must gay marriage to be legal? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Is the main purpose of marriage to protect intimate relationship or protection of inherent procreative affiliation? If marriages were for the purpose of procreative relationship, then other definition of the term would not be necessary. This means that we are trying to re-define marriage in fight of incorporating same-sex relationships. According to Man Yee Karen (p 62), marriage is what defends the procreative form of relationships. Intrinsic Procreation There is need to emphasize that exclusion same-sex marriages is for the reason that these forms of relationships lacks the inherent procreative ability. By recognizing the existence of homosexual and heterosexual marriages, there is compromise or change of this major function of marriage. There are possibilities that today’s gay couples are in a position to reproduce through techno-science and therefore advocate for recognition as institutions that procreates and protects life, based on religious definition of marriage. In line with Man Yee Karen (p 64), there are various social functions gay marriages would seriously harm, if they are lawfully permitted. Marriage combines various values and societal norms relating to reproduction as well as support of generation growth. Arguments for Gay Marriages There is evident recognition of equal rights in support of every human being in a straight or of gay relationship. The issue of equality ends when one starts to argue for gay marriages. The reason why there are sharp critics against gay marriages falls upon the fact that people have a huge misunderstanding of homosexuality and meaning of marriage. To most people homosexuality means lack of serious commitment and promiscuity. In argument over un-lasting relationships, like the straight counterparts, gay people lack seriousness during the young age but the old are often devoted, monogamous and royal to their partners. People only point out to the weak side of the story. People in gay relationships have value for family, societal safety, law and are good contributors to social growth as good citizens, but all over again, people fail to recognize that gay people take full commitment to relationships to make lives better in the community. Comparison to Heterosexuality Like most straight marriages, gays’ shows commitment to one partner and discourage promiscuity thus assisting in preventing the increase of sexually transmitted diseases. Various countries such as Denmark, has weighed the benefits and thus the sudden change of attitude over issues regarding legality of the gay relationships (Bidstrup, p 3). However, there are still great assumptions over gay people being heterosexuals. In line with Bidstrup (p 3), homosexuality is closely related to the straight marriages because it is about commitment to love or affection and not about sexual perversions. There exist mutual appeals, friendliness and feel of affection that critics fail to notice. Like in opposite-sex marriages, sex is only one form of expressing affe ction to each other.Advertising Looking for research paper on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There is an argument that being gay is more profound compared to simple sexual affiliation Bidstrup (p 5). The gay relationship presents individuals’ core identity and a close comparison to being of a different race among majority. The heterosexuals fail to understand and appreciate gay relations mainly because it is a situation where the victimized are the minority. Support for Procreation In some instances, the same sex marriages are able to support life through other measures in place of procreation. Today there is public recognition of same-sex spouse relationships and commitment to one another. There is also the technological or scientific means of supporting transmission of life. There are various cultural changes in favour of same-sex relationships. This is a form of cultural dynamism over the years, which posses a possibility of a change in support of same-sex marriages. Traditional status of a woman shows great improvement/progress and today marriage is a commitment concerning union of equivalent partners, thus the need to consider this as a further improvement (Bidstrup, p 2). Definitions of Marriage The definition of marriage as an institution between people of the opposite sex rarely produces supportive arguments to deny gay people right to marry. Similar definition of marriage as meant for procreation lacks well-built argument. These are clear indication that major concern relates to the definition of marriage. From the religious point of view, marriage is a term supporting procreation but contrary, what would happen to barren individuals or a couple who cannot or opt not to procreate? Does the getting together of such couples compromise the real meaning or symbolism of marriage in the religious setting? Marriage as a potential to support reproduction is a generalized term that lacks clear clarification at the individual levels. Many marriages cannot meet the religious stipulation of reproductive symbolism for instance a marriage between co uple who are past the childbearing age. Do such marriages damage the symbolism like the same sex marriages would? If the definition of marriage is coexistence in support for transmission of human life, then procreation is presently not important because of the techno science in supports of life. There is also lack of law governing child-centred procedure of deciding, where children have the right to biological parental nurturing (Bidstrup, p 6). The hearted debate also argues that same sex relationships are not the optimal situations for raising children. If children were a top priority in considering these types of relationships, then the law should not allow child molesters into relationships right to have children. Various studies indicate that gay couples are able to raise children in a good manner like those in straight relationships, if not better (Bidstrup, p 6). If marriage was as stipulated by the religious believes as the ability to ensure continuity of life, then the gay relationships are able to support the notion and uplift the human race. The gay relationships are therefore not for violating the sacredness that forms a connection to marriage institutions, but require protection by the rules of a country as opposed to religious regulations. Works Cited Bidstrup, Scott. Gay Marriage, The Arguments And The Motives. 3 June 2009. Web. Man Yee Karen, Lee. Equality, Dignity, and Same-Sex Marriage: A Rights Disagreement in Democratic Societies. Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. 2010. Print. Somerville, Margaret. The Case Against â€Å"Same-Sex Marriage.† McGill Centre for Medicine, Ethics and Law. 29 April 2003. Web. This research paper on Must gay marriage to be legal? was written and submitted by user Deacon Elliott to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Human Resources Personnel selection

Six Cities In Canada Essays - Eastern Canada, Free Essays

Six Cities In Canada Essays - Eastern Canada, Free Essays Six Cities In Canada INDEPENDENT STUDY PROJECT CANADIAN POPULATION CHANGE IN SIX CITIES Population Change in Six Canadian Cities Since the first moment that humans arrived in Canada, Canada has undergone many changes and will continue to do so as time goes on. One of the most remarkable aspects is the growth and development of large cities throughout the country. Although Canada is the second largest country in the world, Canada's population remains centralised around those regions where opportunities are available. Because of the amount of opportunities and other social factors, people from across the world move to large diverse Canadian cities, such as Chicoutimi-Jonquiere, Montreal, Oshawa, Toronto, Winnipeg, and Vancouver. Between 1991 and 1996, Canadian cities have changed significantly. Using the mentioned cities as studies to show Canada's growth, figures show that Winnipeg and Oshawa follow somewhat the same trends as well as Toronto and Vancouver. Chicoutimi-Jonquiere and Montreal on the other hand follow their own patterns. The latter two are much more different from the others because they are French dominated cities. However, most trends occurring in all six cities are results of Canadian history. Populations in these cities are very different, Toronto has the highest population and a relatively high population increase between 1991 and 1996 due to a number of factors. When settlers first settled in Canada, they settled along the southern strip of what are now Ontario and Quebec. Since then Canada's centre has remained in these regions and attracts many immigrants with its high level of employment and opportunities. Toronto remains more attractive to immigrants however due to its culturally diverse population and upscale employment opportunities. Montreal, who has a very large population, is however not as quick with growing its population because of the current instability due to separatists and because most immigrants are not Francophones causing a smaller desire to move to Montreal. On the other hand, Montreal is a very business oriented city and a large centre for corporations, headquarters, and small business, which in turns creates a very opportunist place to live who may be bilingual or French speaking. Out of the six selected cities, Oshawa and Vancouver have the fastest growing populations. Oshawa being very focused on the automobile industry, offers housing at lower costs than other parts of Toronto's surrounding peripheries, and thus attracts many migrants; Oshawa also has a very low population to begin with and thus is makes it easier to have a higher percentile of growth. The growing city of Vancouver is also rapidly growing due to international immigrants, mostly from Southeast Asia, because of its short distance across the ocean and its numerous amounts of import and export ports. Thus, Southeast Asians can arrive quickly and less costly when travelling by boat across the Pacific Ocean. Chicoutimi-Jonquiere, the lowest populated city, is the only city with a decreasing population. Located in northern Quebec, Chicoutimi and Jonquiere are homes to many Native Canadians, Metis, and French Loyalists. The cities are very French oriented and are not desirable places for immigrants unless the immigrants have a specific reason for moving to this region. Population decreased by 474 people or 0.3% of the five year span for lack of pull factors to attract attention, therefore while people are either leaving the region or dying, not enough are being born or moving in order to replace one another. Population is very unevenly distributed across Canada due to history, international relations and existing communities, and will continue to be very disperse as long as different amounts and cultures of people migrate to selected cities and regions. Toronto and Vancouver, unlike the other four cities are very diverse in cultural minorities; they are home to large amounts of immigrants and carry wide ranges of languages amongst their populations. The other four cities either fall into English spoken or French spoken inhabitants. Chicoutimi-Jonquiere, being home to many Natives and French are dominated by non-English mother tongue people, with very few immigrants and few visible minorities; meanwhile, Oshawa and Winnipeg have populations dominated by those who primarily speak English, are non immigrants and are not of visible minority. Again, the social aspects of these cities have very much to do with the cities' history and employment set up.

FIN444 Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

FIN444 - Case Study Example He spent about a quarter an hour throwing rocks and hit a several vehicles. Daniel threw a chunk of concrete weighing almost three pounds at a Navistar tractor pulling two trailers driven by William. It broke the windshield and hit him in the forehead causing brain injuries. He lost control of the truck and it hit the sound wall. Daniel was convicted of three counts of assault with a deadly weapon or with force likely to cause great bodily injury and sentenced to 12 years in prison. William and Barbara brought suit against Navistar (The manufacturer) and the State of California. They sued Navistar for product liability, claiming the trucks windshield was defective because it failed to protect William from the rock. They also sort other punitive measures on the grounds that the manufacturer knew the truck was defective. Plaintiffs offered two alternative windshield designs. They insisted the windshield should have been made of bi-laminated glass known as glass-plastic instead of it being a single windshield glass. Second, plaintiffs. They also contended the rake angle of the windshield should have been a safer more swept-back in design, to act as a deflector of the rock. The manufacturer of the windshield and the supplier of the glass, moved for summary judgment, asserting federal law preempted a state tort action for products liability. The manufacturers demonstrated that the windshield in the truck had a bonded plastic between two layers of glass. They asserted that it was manufactured in accordance with Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 205 (FMVSS 205). fn. 4 FMVSS 205 also authorized the use of glass-plastic in windshields. The trial court granted both motions for summary judgment, finding the plaintiffs claims were preempted by federal law. In light of these rulings, Navistar moved in limine to exclude any evidence of glass-plastic windshields. The trial court granted the motion. It is also noted that the insurance

Personal Development Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Personal Development Plan - Essay Example An individual should critically assess if these objectives are attainable and realistic (Clarkson, 2001, p.14). Lastly, he/she should set objectives within a time frame (W. Hoeger & S. Hoeger, 2011, p.54). This paper highlights my personal resume. It also presents two to three theories discussed in class. This paper outlines Myers-Briggs test and MAPP career assessment as tools that describe my personality traits, strengths, weaknesses, and potentials. Lastly, it presents my SMART action plan and integration of theories that were discussed in class. 2.0 Brief Resume FATMA ABDULKAREEM HLWANI Personal Information Gender: Female Nationality: Arabian Date of Birth: June 6, 1986 Place of Birth: Jedah, KSA Education College: COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION IN KAAU Bachelor degree High school: JEDDAH K.S.A. Core Competencies Computer literate Possesses the ability to interact with people in different walks of life Capacity to lead Work Experience GNP GENERAL HOSPITAL Worked as an HR staf f 3.0 Personality and Career Assessment Researchers defined personality as a persistent pattern of interpersonal processes and behaviors (Burger, 2008, p.4; Hampson, 1988). Several researchers attempted to determine aspects of personality through various tests (Kaplan & Saccuzzo, 2008, p.18; Frick et al., 2009, p.22). Myers-Briggs test is a widely utilized personality test in the workplace. It is used to determine the different personality styles of employees. This test utilized three polarities namely, thinking vs. feeling, extroversion vs. introversion, intuition vs. sensation. Researchers added judgement vs. perception to these polarities. Carl Jung (as cited in Cohen, 2011) contends that each polarity is mutually exclusive from one another. Thus, individuals cannot process the world through thinking and feeling at the same time. A side of the polarity dominates the other (Cohen, 2011). Individuals who scored higher in thinking compared to feeling are commonly analytical and rati onal in making decisions. In contrast, feelers rely on circumstances and subjective evaluation in decision making (Wilde, 2008, p.16). Extroverts tend to prefer the company of others while introverts thrive in solitary activities (Wagele, 2006, p.109; Jung, 2006, p.44). Meanwhile, sensors prefer to process information through the senses and tend to rely on minute details. In contrary, intuitors heavily depend on insights instead of sensory data (Saklofske & Zeidner, 1995, p.215). Lastly, judgers prefer structure, planning, and predictability, while perceivers opt for flexibility, openness, and spontaneity (Cohen, 2011). Previous researches suggest that this test is a valid and reliable measure of an individual’s personality (Stern, 2007, p.286). Validity refers to a certain test’s ability to assess what it purports to measure. Meanwhile, reliability is primarily concerned with the extent that the test offers similar results each time (Bayne, 1997). MAPP career assessme nt is utilized to determine the individual’s strengths. It has undergone extensive reliability and validity testing. A study conducted in 1997 showed that it had similar validity with Strong Interest Inventory. The occupational matches of these two tests range from 50%-90%. The second validity study indicated that the validity of MAPP career asses

Case study in sustainability and justice Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

In sustainability and justice - Case Study Example This approach will develop robust and flexible strategies for ensuring success and development. One recommendation is that the company should be engaged in protection of the forests which was identified as a major strategy to fight pollution. The project should be started with the assistance of government and international environmental protection agencies. The project will aim to raise awareness towards protecting the ecosystem and providing services to indigenous communities. Water and energy consume resources at the facilities that are operated by the organization. The company should aim to reduce the water and energy consumption by thirty percent within a span of ten years. Proposals have also been given to use alternative sources of energy like wind and solar. Another initiative should be to adhere to local and international standards for the creation of green buildings. These guidelines are enforced based upon the requirements of the building codes of different countries. Dynam ic leadership is required in order to implement the sustainability practices that can lead to success of the organization. The leader places novel and original ideas into the organization. The leadership preserves and sustains the normal day to day affairs of the organization. ... The leader has to know about the details of the operations and structures of the organization. This is because the leadership has to focus on the short term objectives and goals of the organization. The leader has to focus on the broad principles which will help the company to achieve success. They are also concerned with duplication and replication of the organizational structures and process. The leader on the other hand creates novel and original ideas for the administration and supervision of the organization. Introduction Sabic is a large petroleum company that is based in Saudi Arabia. It is a public organization with the majority of shareholder by Saudi government. It has operations in 40 countries. As an individual, I want to join the supply chain management profession. Sabic is operating in the petroleum industry where it is already under scrutiny for practices that seem to threaten the local environment. Hence there is the need for a comprehensive strategy that can be used to attain long term success. Proposed Sustainable Development Recommendations Another key strategy by the petroleum industry must be to increase awareness about sustainable living among communities. This strategy helps to create an image that the organization is dedicated towards environment protection. Training the work force is essential for the success of the program. Another impressive strategy should be to empower local communities and towns. This creates a sense of corporate social responsibility. It enables local communities to provide work force, products, and services to the industry. Several companies have created new business accords with their supply chain partners. Vendors and suppliers are encouraged to sell eco-friendly

The Purpose of Feathers in Non Avian Dinosaurs

The Purpose of Feathers in Non Avian Dinosaurs There is a significant body of evidence within the scientific community over the past fifteen years to suggest-contrary to depictions in blockbuster movies and mass media-that dinosaurs, both avian and nonavian, had feathers of some sort. Recent spectacular discoveries have suggested that modern day birds are descendents of dinosaurs, suggestions of the origin of such feathers, and the discovery of various types of filamentous fibers and feathers that were prevalent in various species of both avian and nonavian dinosaurs throughout their history. Paradoxically, there is no abundance of research and hypotheses regarding the function these feathers and filamentous fibers had for nonavian theropod dinosaurs throughout history. This paper will be exploring-using existing research-that gap of knowledge and seeking to make an informed hypothesis regarding the purpose of feathers in theropod dinosaurs. More specifically, I will explore the role latitudes played on the presence of feathers i n these creatures. Before one can talk at length about feathers, we must define what feathers are and more specifically, what we define as feathers in relation to dinosaurs. In their paper titled, The Early Evolution of Feathers: Fossil Evidence From Cretaceous Amber of France, by Vincent Perrichot et al, they define feathers on dinosaurs as, complex integumental structures of a three-level branched structure composed of a rachis (primary shaft), barbs (secondary branches) and barbules (tertiary branches) (Vincent Perrichot et al. 1). Paleontologists report finding filamentous fibers as well as true feathers on various species of dinosaurs from various epochs. In a recent study done by Xing Xu et al, An Integrative Approach to Understanding Bird Origins, Xu cites, numerous specimens of most theropod groups and even three ornithischian groups preserving feathers have been recovered from the Jurassic and Cretaceous beds of northeastern China and from the Jurassic and Cretaceous beds of Germany, Russia, a nd Canada. (Xu et al 6). According to Prado et. al., in their study, New Occurrences of Fossilized Feathers: Systematics and Taphonomy of the Santana Formation of the Araripe Basin (Cretaceous), NE, Brazil, Feathers are the most complex integuments of vertebrates, due to their variety of forms and roles. This structure is responsible for the thermoregulation, display, protection against radiation, toxicity, buoyancy and even to produce sound (Prado et al 1). Experts have even found feathers in the form of bristle scales an intermediary character between scales and feathers, placodes, follicles, scales attached to the epidermis of the fossil, and in many other forms on all types of dinosaurs. With an understanding of how scientists today define feathers and where they have been found on dinosaurs, we can begin to explore what the existing hypotheses are regarding their purpose when found on nonavian dinosaurs. Christopher Dimond et al, in a study exploring the visual cues behind adaptive feathers in nonavian dinosaurs states, The three predominant hypotheses are 1) flight, 2) thermoregulation, and 3) visual display (Dimond et al 1). Additionally, Dimonds study cites other sources that hypothesize feathers could have been used for, insulation, water repellency, courtship, camouflage and defense (Prum and Brush, 2003), parental care and brooding (Clarke and Middleton, 2006; Grellet-Tinner, 2006), shielding nests (Turner et al., 2007), flight or lift while running (Dial et al., 2006), and male-to-male competition (Cowen and Lipps, 1982). (Dimond et al 1). While all these hypotheses have been thoroughly researched and written about, I hypothesize that the major determining fa ctor regarding the presence or absence of feathers in nonavian dinosaurs throughout history is the latitude in which the dinosaur lived. Nonavian theropod dinosaurs are known to have lived from the Late Triassic through the end of the Cretaceous. In A Review of Mesozoic Climates, Anthony Hallam definitively states, there is overwhelming evidence, based on the distribution of distinctive sediments and fossils and oxygen isotope data, that the climate of the Mesozoic world was appreciably more equable than that of today (Hallam 1). With Hallams findings in mind, it can be assumed that even in the tropical hot earth world many scientists have described, nonavian dinosaurs might have needed feathers for colder nights and periods of darkness for insulation. Smaller species, that would require insulation for survival are an obvious hypothesis as to the types of fossils found, but in another study done by Xing Xu et al, they postulate that Yutyrannus huali [a new gigantic basal tyrannosauroid] bears long filamentous feathers, thus providing direct evidence for the presence of extensively feathered gigantic dinosaurs and offering new insights into early feather evolution (Xu et al. 1). Found in China, Y hualis longer filamentous feathers could have been an adaptation to a much colder environment than the rest of the planet. Xu further explains, Most gigantic Late Cretaceous tyrannosauroids, by contrast, lived in a warm climate that was conducive to the loss of an extensive insulative feathery covering, although popul ations inhabiting cold environments such as the land that is now Alaska would have been a notable exception (Xu et al. 1). Xus findings concur our previous misconceptions that dinosaurs didnt have feathers or filamentous structures. Why, for so long did we believe this to not be so? Until the first dinosaur fossil with a feather like structure attached was discovered in Brazil almost thirty years ago, humans and popular culture portrayed dinosaurs as reptilian. Leathery skin, sometimes scaly, sometimes not, Dinosaurs appearance has varied little over the course of human study until the very recent future. The reason for this disparity in scientific reporting was due to how difficult it is to find a fossil that preserves both the bone as well as the filamentous integument attached. The soil conditions upon death have to have been just right in order for preservation of this type to occur. Prado argues, Because feathers are very delicate features, they rarely survive the physicochemical process that follow their burial. Thus, they are usually found as: (i) carbonized and iron traces, (ii) inclusions in ambers and coprolites, (iii) and as imprints (Prado et al 1). Many of the most well preserved fossils with feather integuments still attached have been found in amb er deposits recently, often perfectly preserving the skin attached to the feather. This can occur in a few circumstances. According to Prados research on feathers found at the Crato Fossil Bed in Brazil, the Crato Member was laid down under clear and relatively shallow waters during an arid and dry climate, where the carbonate sediments were deposited in a low energetic input with formation of halite and anhydrite minerals (Prado et al. 1). An alternative suggestion by David Martill and Gunter Bechly in their work, The Crato Fossil Beds: A Window into the Ancient World, argue once an anoxic and hypersaline bottom water body was established, the organic matter produced in the surface waters was no longer broken down by heterotrophic bacteria accumulated in the sediment (Martill 60). Due to the fragility of the structure of a feather or filamentous structure, conditions had to be just right to ensure preservation. Due to the conditions in which these fossils must be preserved, there can be a case made for why they are only found so well preserved in the locations above. The hypothesis above that mostly all dinosaurs had some type of filamentous coating could still hold true as the locations in which they have been found are not ideal for feather preservation. It appears that in order for a feather integument to be preserved, the conditions in which the initial preservation occurred and where the fossil migrated to must be precise. Prado cites, that lithology itself may not be a sure factor for skin preservation dinosaurs, it may be an important factor, and perhaps decisive, factor in feather preservation (Prado et al 1). While there is a great amount of literature on lithology, what remains to be talked about is lithology with specific reference to geography. My hypothesis tends to focus on the importance of latitudes to explain why certain types of dinosaurs contained feathers, but another im portant factor to consider is the speed of burial near riverine environments. Hadrosaurids could provide a window into this phenomena. Mary Higby Schweizer, in her paper Soft Tissue Preservation in Terrestrial Mesozoic Vertebrates, argues, it could be that hadrosaurids were more likely to preserve skin than other dinosaurs because, during life, hadrosaurids preferred an environment conducive to rapid burial and preservation of soft tissues (Wegweiser et al. 2006). This is a fascinating argument, as it brings to light a host of various factors that could potentially cause the feathers on other species of dinosaurs to not be preserved. Essentially, if a dinosaurs natural environment was not conducive to a perfect fossilization of delicate integumentary structures, these records would be lost forever in nature. Christopher Dimond et al, in their paper, Feathers, Dinosaurs, and Behavioral Cues: Defining the Visual Display Hypothesis for the Adaptive Function of Feathers in Non-Avian Theropods, claims that initial forms of feathers in theropod dinosaurs were mainly utilized to signal. Whether it was sexual signaling for mating, deterrence of predators, or camouflage while hunting, these feathers served the purpose of sending a message to a receiver. Throughout the paper, Dimond posits that feathers in theropods were utilized to trigger a behavioral response in the receiver (Dimond et al 2011). While they do not rule out feathers for thermoregulation in theropods, their focus on visual display as an adaptive feature is marvel. While I agree with their position that signaling could have been an ancestral form of feathers in these types of dinosaurs, I believe that the main purpose for filamentous integuments on these types of dinosaurs was for thermoregulation in a climate that vastly varied in temperature. Even today, which by and large is considered to be colder, the variation in temperature on a given day-even in the tropics-is enough to make a hairless creature rapidly lose body heat. This loss of body heat in an environment less forgiving than a tropical one might have spurred an adaptation such as feathers over the course of history. The study of dinosaurs is ever evolving as our technological ability to analyze every aspect of their world grows by the day. Specifically, when studying feathers and filamentous integuments, our technology has caught up recently enough to detect the most minute details that for years, we were unable to identify. This has provided the scientific community with a window into what I believe, is a common character in nearly all dinosaurs-similar to mammals today. Just as in mammalia, dinosaurs adapted over millions of years to be as fit as possible for their respective environments and for the changes occurring on Earth at the time. Our ability to detect these adaptations, while much improved, is mainly contingent upon the environment in which they are interred. With the advent of new technology, science will continue to explore the relationship between feathers in theropods and similar dinosaurs and the latitudes in which they cohabitated. WORKS CITED Dimond, Christopher C., Robert J. Cabin, and Janie S. Brooks. Feathers, Dinosaurs, and Behavioral Cues: Defining the Visual Display Hypothesis for the Adaptive Function of Feathers in Non-Avian Theropods. Bios 82.3 (2011): 58-63. Web. Hallam, Anthony . A Review of Mesozoic Climate. Journal of the Geological Society of London 142.3 (1985): 433-55. Web. Martill, David M. The Crato fossil beds of brazil: window into an ancient world. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ Press, 2011. Print. Prado GMEM, Anelli LE, Petri S, Romero GR. (2016) New occurrences of fossilized feathers: systematics and taphonomy of the Santana Formation of the Araripe Basin (Cretaceous), NE, Brazil. PeerJ 4:e1916 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1916 Perrichot, Vincent et al. The Early Evolution of Feathers: Fossil Evidence from Cretaceous Amber of France. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 275.1639 (2008): 1197-1202. PMC. Web. 22 Mar. 2017. Schweitzer, Mary Higby. Soft Tissue Preservation in Terrestrial Mesozoic Vertebrates. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 39.1 (2011): 187-216. Web. Xu, X., Z. Zhou, R. Dudley, S. Mackem, C.-M. Chuong, G. M. Erickson, and D. J. Varricchio. An integrative approach to understanding bird origins. Science346.6215 (2014): 1253293. Web.

The Role of the Gods and Fate in Virgils The Aeneid Essay -- Aeneid V

The Role of the Gods and Fate in Virgil's The Aeneid Are the deeds of mortal characters in the Aeneid controlled by the gods or by fate? Aeneas must fulfill the will of the gods, while enduring the wrath of other gods, all the while being a worthy predecessor of Augustus and founder of the Roman people. Of course, the Trojan is successful because he gives himself up to these other obligations, while those who resist the will of the gods, Dido and Turnus, die sad deaths. Juno, the queen of gods, attempts to destroy Aeneas and his men in Book I of the Aeneid. The city of Carthage is Juno's favorite, and it has been prophesized that the race of the Trojans will one day destroy that city. This is too much for Juno to bear as another Trojan, Paris, has already scorned her. And so she calls on King Aeolus, the god of the winds, telling him to bring a great storm down upon Aeneas? fleet. Aeolus obeys and unleashes a fierce hurricane upon the battle-wearied Trojans. However, Neptune, the god of the sea, feels the storm over his dominion; he criticizes Aeolus for overstepping his bounds, and calms the waters just as Aeneas' fleet seems doomed. Seven ships are left, and they head for the nearest land in sight, the coast of Libya. Aeneas's mother, Venus sees the Trojans' poor state and pleads to Jupiter to end their suffering. Jupiter assures her that Aeneas will eventually find his promised home in Italy, and that two of his descendants, Romulus and Remus, w ill found the mightiest empire in the world. Then Jupiter sends a god down to the Phoenicians, the people of Carthage, to make sure they are welcoming to the Trojans. Juno hears that the Trojans are destined to found a city that will destroy her Carthage. That city is Rome, and ... ... and in an angry mob set fire to the fleet. The Trojan men see the smoke, rush up the beach and throw water on the ships, but the burning does not stop. Finally, Aeneas prays to Jupiter to save the fleet, and immediately a rainstorm comes, putting out the flames. The goddesses Juno and Venus continue their quarrel by further intervention in the journey of the Trojans. At this point it almost seems to be overdone: the gods are driving the plot, not the hero. Aeneas has been reduced to a reactionary role as the different factions on Olympus duke it out over his fate, and send either aid or abuse down to the Trojans. Incapable to stop the burning of his fleet, he pitifully begs Jupiter to either help or kill him, so disheartened is he at his arbitrary maltreatment by the gods. Works Cited: Gransden, Karl W. Virgil: The Aeneid. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1990.

Go Green And Save the Earth Essay

Top of Form Global warming is happening and it’s getting worse everyday. If we don’t take this problem upon ourselves, and take drastic action to help save our environment, Earth’s most precious gifts could be lost forever. Do you want to help? Here are some useful ways to help reduce your own carbon footprint on the Earth! RECYCLE Recycling is more than just tossing a few things in your bin here and there. You need to do more to make a positive impact. One way to reduce waste is to buy products with minimal packaging. Economy size things are great, since they are usually much bigger and you aren’t buying so many smaller packages. Also you can try to buy reusable products. For example, when cleaning your kitchen you can use a wash cloth that can be laundered afterwards, rather than using half a roll of paper towels. Remember to recycle paper, plastic, newspaper, glass and aluminum cans. If you recycle half of your household waste each year, you will save 2,400 pounds of carbon dioxide annually. LIGHT BULBS Changing out your light bulbs with the energy efficient bulbs not only is great for the earth†¦it’s great on your bills as well! They actually give off more light than the old ones, and also last much longer! ADJUST YOUR THERMOSTAT This is a trick that will save the planet and your wallet at the same time. Make your home more energy efficient by adding insulation and weather stripping. Also, set your thermostat two degrees higher in the summer and two degrees lower in the winter.Just throw on a sweater, or cuddle with your spouse! This will also allow you to pay less for heating and air conditioning while saving about 2,000 pounds of carbon emissions each year. CARPOOL Join a carpool or take the bus. You can help the environment and save money on gas. If your work isn’t too far away, try walking or biking to work. Maybe you can add a few years to your life by getting some exercise too! BUY GREEN PRODUCTS Look for products that say Earth Friendly, Greenlist, Plant Based Ingredients, or All Natural†¦even Organic. Buying these products are healthy for you as well. All those extra chemicals are making us sick, and polluting our earth. REUSE PLASTIC BAGS If you can’t buy the reusable cloth bags and avoid using the stores bags all together†¦you can at least reuse them at home. Please just don’t throw them away. Those things are turning up everywhere! They are killing millions of marine animals in our oceans. These animals are confused by them, and when they are eaten, they die! So please, at least recycle them if your not going to use them for something else! As a concerned citizen, you should do your part to lessen the effects of global warming. Please take global warming seriously†¦.Let’s save the planet, and go GREEN!

ACT Complete Guide

International Students and the SAT/ACT Complete Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you an international student aiming to attend college in the United States? Colleges are looking for students with language skills and global competencies more than ever, so you already have several strong assets to draw on in your college applications. One requirement for your applications to most universities is the SAT or ACT. Let's go over the information you need to know about deciding between the SAT and ACT, registering for the tests, and preparing to achieve a high score. First, why are the SAT and ACT important to go to college in the U.S.? Why Are the SAT and ACT Important for College Applications? Almost all four-year colleges and universities require you to take the SAT or ACT, with just a few exceptions. These exams are meant to test all students' knowledge and reasoning skills on an equal playing field, as everyone'scurriculum and learning experiences might differ from school to school. These tests have been used to ensure that you have the critical thinking and reasoning skills you need to do well in college. Putting in the effort to prep and achieve strong scorescan also demonstrate your commitment to studying at university. If your native language is not English, you probably also have to take the TOEFL or IELTS to demonstrate language proficiency. Like the SAT and ACT, these are two equal options as mostcolleges will accept either. While bothoptions are equal, you want to choose the one on which you can perform better. So far, the SAT and TOEFL have been the most popular choices for international students, so you may have heard more about them. In past years, some collegeswaived the TOEFL/IELTS requirement if you got a certain score on the Evidence Based Reading and Writingsection of the SAT or English and Reading section of the ACT. These schools, for example, usedthe following cutoff scores: College VerbalMinimum Score Columbia 700+ on SAT Evidence Based Reading and Writing or 29+ on ACT English or Reading Johns Hopkins 690+ on SAT Evidence Based Reading and Writing or 30+ on both ACT English and Reading University of Michigan 650+ on SAT Evidence Based Reading and Writingor 27+ on both ACT English and Reading Cornell University 35+ on SAT Reading scaled score You can learn more about each college's policy on its website or by calling its admissions office directly. Since most colleges accept either the SAT or ACT, which option is better for international students? How Are the SAT and ACT Different? Just like with students who are U.S. citizens, the "better" test all depends on your educational background, academic strengths, and personal interests.The SAT and the ACT are viewed equally by colleges, so you should choose based on where you can get the higher score. Typically, international students are able to score higher on math sections of standardized exams than on verbal sections, both because of the quality of math education in various countries and the extra language challenges many international students must overcome in reading and writing sections.While the SAT has generally been more popular than the ACT for international students, it might not be the better option for you if you're strong inmath and science. The ACT, unlike the SAT, has a science section, plus it tests more advanced math concepts. Let's break down some of the important information you should know about each test. Ultimately, the best way to choose is to try some sample questions and practice tests and see which one works better for you. What to Know About theSAT The SAT is much more popular internationally, so you might already have more knowledge about the test or resources to study for it. The SAT hasfour sections: one Reading, one Writing, one Math (no calculator), and one Math (with calculator). It also features an optional fifth section, a 50-minute essay. Some colleges will want you to take the SAT with essay; others will leave the choice up to you. Let's consider some features about the SAT that would appeal to international students, followed by some cons of this college admissions test. Pros of the SAT for International Students The SAT might be more appealing to international students than the ACT for a couple of reasons. One is that the verbal sections now count for half the exam score, rather than 2/3 of the total score. For students whose first language is not English, this decrease in emphasis on the Reading and Writing could be a welcome feature. Second, the SAT no longer features obscure vocabulary words. These tough words were challenging for native and non-native English speakers alike, so the elimination of "sentence completion" questions may make the SAT easier for international students. Now, one challenge of the SAT is to glean the meaning of more common words that are being used in unusual ways. Along similar lines, SAT questions now feature straightforward wording, making them easier to understand. All three sections, Reading, Writing, and Math, also feature graphs, charts, and tables. If you're strong at interpreting data, then this feature may appeal to you. Cons of the SATfor International Students There may be a few cons to the SAT for international students. One con is that some selective schools require that you take both the SAT and one or twoSAT Subject Tests. Most of these same schools waive the Subject Test requirement if you take the ACT. So if you chose the ACT, you'd only have to take that one test, whereas if you chose the SAT, you might have to take three separate tests to apply. Another con is the SAT's emphasis onreading comprehension in all its sections. The Reading passages feature evidence-based questions, meaning you'll have to back up your answers with evidence from the text. All of the questions in the Writing and Language section feature longer passages, so you'll need a strong grasp on structure and syntax.Even the math questions feature word problems with what College Board refers to as "real world scenarios." These scenarios may not be a part of everyone's real world experience, and they might pose a challenge for students more accustomed to figures and equations, rather than wordiness, in their math problems. The best way to get a sense of how SAT questions work is to take sample practice tests, as I'll discuss below. First though, let's consider the structure of the ACT, along with its pros and cons for international students applying to college in the U.S. There's no bad or good test for your college applications. Rather, you should choose the one that helps youget the higher score! What to Know About theACT While the ACT was more of a domestic U.S.-based test for a long time, it isactually becoming more popular with international students. As mentioned above, it's not all that different from the SAT, except for the fact thatit features a Science section along with its English, Reading, Math, and optional essay sections. So what are some of the pros and cons of the ACT for international students? Pros of the ACT for International Students While the SAT is only featuring more accessiblequestion types this year, the ACT has always been known for its straightforward wording. Its questions don't seem set out to trick you; instead, they're relatively clear. This characteristic is useful for international students, who won'thave to do double the work to figure out what a question is even asking for in the first place. Another potentially attractive feature of the ACT is its Science section. ACT Science doesn't require you to have a ton of specific scientific knowledge; instead, it's more concerned with testing your scientific skills, like analyzing data and evaluating a hypothesis. Some international studentsfind they do better on this section than Reading and English, so its inclusion makes it a compelling reason to choose the ACT over the SAT. Another feature of the ACT, which may be a pro or a con depending on your math level, is its incorporation of higher level math concepts. Its math questions feature more geometry and trigonometry than the SAT, and you can use a calculator on all of them.If you're strong in math and science and/or considering going into a STEM field, you might demonstrate your skills and interests best by taking the ACT. Finally, some students have said that the ACT is more in line with IB curriculum. So if you're in an IB school, you might look over the test to see if it aligns well with what you've learned in school. Cons of the ACTfor International Students As mentioned above, the ACT features more advanced math, as well as a science section. If you're less strong in these areas, then they may be a reason not to take the ACT. Depending on your academic preparation and skills, these sections may be a major determining factor in whether you can do better on the SAT or the ACT. Another potential con is simply its lack of popularity internationally. You may have grown up learning a lot more about the SAT, and you might be able to form study groups with friends who are taking the SAT. If few people around you are taking the ACT, then you might not have the same study and support network that you would for the SAT. Like the SAT, the ACT has a large emphasis on reading comprehension and evaluating structure and syntax of passages. The verbal section is worth half your score, so you'll want to try both SAT and ACT verbal sections (Reading and Writing for the SAT, Reading and English for the ACT)to see which one is more appealing to you. Trying out practice questions will be very useful in helping you decide between the SAT and ACT. Read on to learn where you can find these practice questions andhow to register for an examonce you make your choice. How Can You Decide Between the SAT and ACT? As I mentioned above, the best way to decide whether you should take the SAT or the ACT (or the TOEFL or IELTS, for that matter) is to learn all about the content and format of the tests and then take a practice test to see which one you can do better on. You want your test score to strengthen your overall application, so get familiar with the content, format, and question types of the tests and then make your best choice. Once you've decided, commit yourself to prepping for that test, and don't worry about the other one! To fully commit, you need to register for the test. Want to learn more about the SAT but tired of reading blog articles? Then you'll love our free, SAT prep livestreams. Designed and led by PrepScholar SAT experts, these live video events are a great resource for students and parents looking to learn more about the SAT and SAT prep. Click on the button below to register for one of our livestreams today! How Do You Register for the SAT or ACT? Both tests have an online registration process and charge a fee. You'll have to find your testing center, choose your test date, and then enter your personal and payment information. You can check out the exam websites to find testing dates and more information. Register for the SAT You'll register to take the SAT at the College Board website. You want to start early, like in sophomore or junior year, to give yourself time to take it again if you want to improve your score.Youalso should register at least a month before your desired exam date so you don't have to pay any additional late registration fees. There might be some additional requirements if you're from Cameroon, Egypt, Ghana, Hong Kong, India, Korea, Macau, Nepal, Nigeria, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. For more information, check out our complete step-by-step guide to SAT registration. Register for the ACT If you choose to take the ACT, then you'll register through ACT, Inc.You can register and learn about your country's ACT test dates on the ACT website. Test dates are generally in September, October, December, April, and June. If there's no testing center nearby, you might be able to arrange special testing for yourself. Finally, make sure you're familiar what to bring and what to leave home on test day and have a sense of how many times you plan to take the ACT. For more information, check out our step-by-step guide to ACT registration. As you can imagine, all of this prepping and planning requires a significant amount of time. Since the college process starts at least a year before you actually send your applications, what should your timeline for test prep be? When Should You Begin Preparing for the SAT or ACT? When do you need to register for the SAT/ACT, and when should you start studying for the exam? In this section, we go over all the important steps to take when you prepare for the SAT or ACT, as well as when you need to take them. Many studentsstart preppinga year or more in advance, and some take the SAT or ACT early in high school to get testing experience. You want to give yourselfat least six months to prep intensively, but more is ideal, especially if you're a non-native English speaker and have to put in extra study time to improve your language skills. You need to sign up for the SAT or ACT at least a month before your actual testing date. You also need about three to four weeks for your test to be scored and the score reports sent to colleges, so you want to take it ahead of your deadlines.That means you should know exactly what colleges you're applying to by that time, so you can list them as score recipients when you register for the tests. This means that the colleges you indicate will receive your SAT or ACT score reports. Your entire high school experience is part of your college application - the classes you take, the clubs and sports you join, and the work and volunteer experience you have. You also will likely include teacher recommendations. So apart from the SAT and ACT, your college preparation is something that you can work on throughout all four years of high school. How Can You Study for the SAT or ACT? Test prep is very important to do well on these tests, as they probably don't resemble tests you normally take in school. Prep will both reinforce the material and get you familiar with how the questions are worded and how to manage your time. Strategy plays a big role in how well you do, so learning strategies and applying them as your practice is also key for the SAT and ACT. You can prep online with practice questions at College Board, the ACT, Khan Academy, or other sites, or through PrepScholar's customizable online prep programs. You can also purchase SAT and ACT prepbooks and get full-length practice tests, along with detailed explanations, content review, and key strategies. Coming up with a study schedule and setting target scores is the best way to stay on track, overcome your weaknesses, and get ready for the SAT/ACT. How Can Online Prep Help International Students? PrepScholar's online prep is a great tool for international students who want to succeed on the SAT/ACT and get into their top choice universities. Because it's online and can be accessed anywhere with internet, it's extremely convenient for students all over the world. PrepScholar has high-quality practice questions and tracks your progress, letting you know what content you've mastered and what concepts you still need to work on. You can also choose to get tutoring as part of your online program. While some prep books might cater to American students and assume you're more familiar with the tests than you are, yourtutor will answer any questions you have, as well as motivate you and help keep you accountable to your goals. There are lots of resources to help you master the SAT/ACT and achieve your post-high school goals. As long as you do your research, set aside time to prepare, andask for help when you can, you'll get into a school that's the best fit for you. What's Next? Taking the TOEFL?Get all the info you need to succeed on the test, including sample questions and strategy guides, at our TOEFL blog. Besides the SAT/ACT, what other key components are part of your college application? Read all about how to build a versatile college application. Are you worriedabout the Reading section? This article tells you exactly how to read the passages to maximize your understanding and not waste time. How is the SAT scored? What about the ACT? Understanding the scoring process will help you determine exactly how well you need to do in each section to achieve your target scores. Want to improve your SAT score by 160points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Free Essays on Vietnam 1975

On April 30, 1975, Saigon fell. This was the unofficial mark of the impending victory for North Vietnam in the Vietnam War. Even with the self-assured Americans on the side of the South, the North still came out victorious, making America look rather foolish for involving themselves in a war many thought they should not have been participating in. The war was a natural divider for Vietnam, in which the North & South ironically were at war actually trying to unite the country from their respective views. However, the question was after the North victory in 1975, how will the country reconstruct and could it ever unite itself? Moreover, even with unification of the country, could there ever be a peace between the north and south sides of Vietnam? Looking at the past from the fall of Saigon to this point in time, I would say no for several different reasons, but not because there is no â€Å"peace† in Vietnam. The New Socialist Republic of Vietnam faced several challenges after the war. The first and the still most challenging thing to accomplish in Vietnam was the unification of the North & South. After going to war for just about a decade, The Socialist Republic of Vietnam had to face the daunting task of uniting 24 million Vietnamese from the North and 22 million Vietnamese from the South into one Socialist happy family. By virtue of winning the war, it’s almost as if the North just won more strife and violence for the people of Vietnam, rather than the peace and unification of one state both sides were striding for. For instance, most southern officials, religious practitioners and soldiers were placed in â€Å"reeducation camps†, while most trusted party members, who just happened to Northerners, were placed in positions of authority. In 1978, as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam announced the nationalization of industry and commerce, it also extended the collectivizati on of agriculture towards the South, but this was greeted with... Free Essays on Vietnam 1975 Free Essays on Vietnam 1975 On April 30, 1975, Saigon fell. This was the unofficial mark of the impending victory for North Vietnam in the Vietnam War. Even with the self-assured Americans on the side of the South, the North still came out victorious, making America look rather foolish for involving themselves in a war many thought they should not have been participating in. The war was a natural divider for Vietnam, in which the North & South ironically were at war actually trying to unite the country from their respective views. However, the question was after the North victory in 1975, how will the country reconstruct and could it ever unite itself? Moreover, even with unification of the country, could there ever be a peace between the north and south sides of Vietnam? Looking at the past from the fall of Saigon to this point in time, I would say no for several different reasons, but not because there is no â€Å"peace† in Vietnam. The New Socialist Republic of Vietnam faced several challenges after the war. The first and the still most challenging thing to accomplish in Vietnam was the unification of the North & South. After going to war for just about a decade, The Socialist Republic of Vietnam had to face the daunting task of uniting 24 million Vietnamese from the North and 22 million Vietnamese from the South into one Socialist happy family. By virtue of winning the war, it’s almost as if the North just won more strife and violence for the people of Vietnam, rather than the peace and unification of one state both sides were striding for. For instance, most southern officials, religious practitioners and soldiers were placed in â€Å"reeducation camps†, while most trusted party members, who just happened to Northerners, were placed in positions of authority. In 1978, as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam announced the nationalization of industry and commerce, it also extended the collectivizati on of agriculture towards the South, but this was greeted with...

Asbestos exposure from the World Trade Center disaster Research Paper

Asbestos exposure from the World Trade Center disaster - Research Paper Example f the World Trade Towers (WTC) following the aftermath of the 9-11 terrorist attacks, which was one of the most catastrophic kind of political, economic, and the social disaster to have ever occurred in America. Working as a consultant at the Acme Industrial Consultants, the task involved was to conducting air samples to find out on the toxins found on the air after this attack. Since 2001, many people exposed to this debris and the dust from the events of the collapse of towers are still suffering from various health complications, ranging from the difficulty in breathing and extending into different forms of cancer. In response to these effects, our research team sampled asbestos products that are responsible for causing deadly toxins, including mercury and barium (Landrigan et al., 2004). The events of the 9-11 attack caused the building and debris to burn for nearly four months, leading to the release of carcinogens into the air that made it inevitable for the citizens who ended up getting infections with the deadly diseases like mesothelioma and lung cancer. Meosthelioma, even though a rare disease, occurs through the exposure to asbestos (Herdt-Losavio et al., 2008). This prompted the Acme Industrial Hygiene Consultants into studying the air samples from the World Trade Centre that have been subject to expose to the burning of asbestos. In order to sample results of the study, we chose to use the World Trade Centre data, instead of using an AIHA Statistical Spreadsheet for assessing health risk of asbestos in the air samples obtained from the World Trade Centre. The sampling was subject to accomplish through modeling, characterization and communication. The test then enhanced EPA asbestos health risk assessment by the aid of non-linear and asbestos fiber type specific protocols. The study was to follow by evaluating on the epidemiological data as to be forming the basis of risk assessment model. The following are results from using the World Trade Centre

Cigar Smoking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Cigar Smoking - Essay Example The first factory cigar in United States was established in 1810 in Connecticut. As the use of cigars gained popularity its manufacturing spread to other parts of the country. By the 1880s and the 1900s, cigars counted for the main form of the tobacco use, of which most of which was grown and distributed locally. By the beginning of the 19th century, of the tobacco used by adults, the amount used in form of cigars was approximately two to seven and a half pound per adult in U.S. (USDA 1997, Burns et al 1997). However during the World War I as the use of cigarettes gained popularity the use of tobacco form cigars declined. The tobacco used in cigars is substantially forming the one used in the manufacture of cigarettes. The form of tobacco used in the cigar filler, wrappers and binder is actually air-cured rather than flue-cured the one used in the cigarettes. Moreover the cigar tobacco is then aged and introduced to a several step fermentation process which allows it to be useable fo r a long period and also determines the aroma and flavor aspects of a particular type of a cigar. The cigars marketed in the use that are considered to be smaller ones usually have straighter bodies, weighing between 1.3 to 2.5 grams, whereas larger ones are usually of lengths 110 to 115 millimeters longer and of the diameter of about 17 millimeters and usually filled with 5 to 17 grams if cigars. On the other hand most brands of the cigarettes contain about one gram of tobacco and usually are of 85mm in length. (Burns, p. 1-20) I believe cigar smoking is bad for following three reasons: 1. Risk of Diseases The form of smoke that comes from both the cigarettes and cigars is the outcome of the incomplete combustion of tobacco, thus it can surely be said the smoke of cigar has the similar hazardous affects as to that of cigarettes, thus it also comprises of the carcinogenic constituents and toxic gases. As just discussed that per piece cigar contains a larger amount of tobacco than the cigarette therefore it takes more time to smoke a whole cigar thus creating more smoke. Moreover, the carbon monoxide burned per unit is more due to the lower porosity of the cigar wrappers. And as the content of cigars is concentrated in nitrate therefore it leads to larger concentrations of ammonia, nitrogen oxides and carcinogenic N-nitrosamines. The tar of the cigar smoke, when introduced to the animals, proved to be more carcinogenic than that of the cigarettes. In additions there is very little evidence from the premium manufacturers of cigars that suggest that cigars lead to less hazardous than cigarettes. It is however clear that if not more cigar smoke is as equally carcinogenic and toxic to that of the cigarettes and the disease risks are highly subjective depending upon the trend of its use and differences in inhalation of smoke and retention and deposition of cigar and cigarette smoke in comparison to differences in frequency of use and composition of smoke. (Davies and Day, p. 363-8) In the cases when the cigar smokers who haven't ever used any other tobacco products are compared to he the individual who haven't used any form of product, by

Technology Ethics In the Classroom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Technology Ethics In the Classroom - Essay Example The imposition of ethics in the classroom however calls for application of certain restrictions. This means that the connectivity to the internet should be restricted and should be available only to authorized users. Recommendations: A double edged sword in the form of two parallel policies is most likely to work for the problem of unethical usage of technology in the classrooms. The forceful impositions of rules and policies have proven effectiveness but the efforts to invoke sense of responsibility works much more effectively. The forceful strategy may comprise of the following, †¢ MAC address based device connectivity. †¢ IP scanning for security breach. †¢ Usage of appropriate UTM (Unified Threat Management) systems. †¢ A class based forum like connectivity for discussion with the classmates. †¢ Provision of master console to the teacher/instructor to monitor individual activity like messaging. †¢ Jammers for GPRS or GSM (phone service based) connect ivity. Some schools distribute written material on responsible computing before granting permission to students to access the school’s network services. Children are often asked to pass an online quiz in order to prove that they have learnt and understood the basic criteria at which they are authorized the usage of technological devices. This is one basic effort that can be done in order to make the students responsible for any actions that they would commit otherwise. The role of school counselors is very important for the ethical brought up of students. This role is not restricted to the ethics of class rooms only. The parents of the students must also be counseled for a collaborative effort. A quick course in ethics would not be... This paper approves that technology has both pros and cons associated with it. Most of the schools attempting to incorporate the use of technology within them seem to overlook the cons that are accompanied with it. It is because of this very reason that they don’t seem to have any plans, in order to curb the side effects of the effort that is being incorporated for the embedding of technology in them. The role of technology in the enhancement of learning is beyond any doubt, but just as the steering of a car cannot be handed over to would be drivers before they get their license, similarly the juveniles cannot be left with technologically advanced equipment without any checks or restrictions. This report makes a conclusion that among all the technological provisions connectivity to the internet is of utmost importance. The ethical and responsible usage of this technology is extremely necessary for everyone. The importance of internet in learning is beyond any doubts and its availability in educational institutions is essential. However students need to be counseled morally so that they may employ this facility in a responsible manner. Along with the forceful checks and impositions the school counselors must also counsel the students. They should, not only guide the students towards the beneficial usage of technology but they should counsel the parents as well. This may produce a long lasting sense of responsibility in adolescents as compared to the timely effect inculcated via restrictions.

Emotional Intelligence Essay Example for Free

Emotional Intelligence Essay The strong correlation between emotional intelligence and managerial skills has instigated speculation as to whether managers must possess proficient emotional intelligence, namely, interpersonal and intrapersonal skills in the areas of self-awareness, self-regulation, self-motivation, empathy and social awareness (Rahim et al. 2002), in order to manage successfully in the workplace. The purpose of this essay is to explore the role emotional intelligence plays in one’s ability to effectively manage a workplace. Managers must possess a high degree of emotional intelligence to manage successfully for a myriad of reasons. Managers who exhibit high levels of emotional intelligence and an awareness of how their actions will impact others are more proficient at resolving conflict within the workplace. Furthermore, a high level of emotional intelligence within the workplace, promoted by managers who encourage said environment, increases the employee’s job satisfaction which in turn results in greater productivity. A manager who can effectively communicate, conscious of the emotions of others will ultimately prove to be a more successful leader in the workplace. A self-awareness of how one’s actions can influence others, inherent of a manager’s high emotional intelligence allows them to manage successfully within the workplace by allowing effective conflict resolution. Emotions play a crucial role in conflict, as ‘all conflict is inherently emotional’ (Jordan amp; Troth 2004, pp. 200) . The relationship between emotional intelligence and conflict management strategies has been explained by various organisational theories, the findings of which have many practical applications within the workplace. Those who possess a higher degree of emotional intelligence are able to resolve conflict more effectively, by adopting an approach which can fulfil the emotional needs of both parties. If an individual lacks a self-awareness of their emotions and an inability to control such emotions further conflict will often arise. Thus, an emotionally intelligent manager will have â€Å"superior conflict resolution skills and engage in greater collaboration†¦ to develop new solutions that satisfy both parties’ needs† (Jordan amp; Troth 2004, pp. 201). Social skills are a vital aspect of emotional intelligence, associated with one’s ability to resolve problems without demeaning employees, to prevent negative emotions inhibiting collaboration â€Å"and to handle affective conflict with tact and diplomacy† (Rahim et al. 2002, pp. 5). Managers who use their own emotional competencies can support their employees to improve their problem solving capacities. An employee’s perception of their manager is determined by factors such as the manager’s communication skills, conscientiousness within the workplace and social capabilities. Such a perception can have a positive influence on the employee’s conflict resolution capabilities and problem solving strategies. Thus, enhancing the emotional intelligence of managers within the workplace proves to be beneficial for contemporary organisations as it provides managers with the appropriate skills to resolve conflict with integrity and also provides a positive example to employees, encouraging them to adopt a similar approach. Statistical evidence carried out by Jordan and Troth (2004) corroborates this notion stating that those with a higher WEIP (Workplace Emotional Intelligence Profile) adopted more cooperative conflict management strategies. Mangers who exhibit a high degree of emotional intelligence promote a positive workplace environment in which the employees have a high level of job satisfaction, subsequently resulting in a lower staff turnover rate. A high level of job satisfaction within an organisation is an extremely desirable quality. According to Brunetto et al. (2012 pp. 429) employees who are content within the workplace exhibit increased productivity, lower levels of absenteeism and have lower turnover intentions. Furthermore, employees with high levels of job satisfaction display greater organisational commitment to their occupation, in which an employee identifies with their workplace and its objectives and wishes to maintain membership in the organisation. Managers who have substantial emotional intelligence are more likely to instil their employees with a higher level of job satisfaction as the managers are more proficient at controlling and assessing their own emotions and those of others in the workplace, which in turn increases morale and job satisfaction. Job satisfaction is vital within the workplace as it is inextricably linked to customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. Employees who experience high levels of job satisfaction can through their attitude instil a sense of customer satisfaction and loyalty which in turn escalates profitability and revenue growth. Therefore, an emotionally intelligent manager is more successful in the workplace as they increase the job satisfaction of their employees resulting in numerous benefits for the organisation including a low turnover rate and increased customer loyalty. An emotionally intelligent manager, with the ability to understand emotions in their self and others, will prove to be a successful leader. Moods and feelings play a vital role in the leadership process thus a strong aptitude for emotional intelligence is required of managers to be successful within the workplace. Whilst there is no singular theory of effective leadership, essential elements include collective objectives, instilling an appreciation of work behaviours and generating enthusiasm and optimism (George 2000). Managers with apt emotional intelligence are more capable in communicating their goals for the organisation in a manner that enhances a collective sense of enthusiasm. For example, a manager who exhibits high emotional intelligence may adopt such knowledge implies that employees have a tendency to be â€Å"supportive of the leader’s goals and objectives when the leader expresses con? ence in followers and serves to elevate their levels of self-ef? cacy† (George 2000, pp. 1040). Whilst accurately appraising employee’s emotions and influencing followers’ emotions can result in support for the leader’s objectives, there can also be negative repercussions. Managers who are so in tune to emotional needs of their employees â€Å"can be manipulative and emotionally demanding† (Ashkanasy amp; Daus 2002, pp. 81), particularly when the employees are susceptible to such exploitation. This behaviour can often result in mistrust and suspicion within the workplace, which can lessen the manager’s effectiveness. Furthermore, the decisive emphasis placed on the importance of emotional intelligence in being a successful leader can be problematic, as it drives the notion that emotional intelligence is the only characteristic required to be a successful leader and can misconstrue the realities of organisational leadership. It must be noted that despite the numerous characteristics encompassed by emotional intelligence which are associated with effective leadership, they aren’t an exhaustive list. Other factors, namely actual intelligence, are fundamental to effective leadership and critical to organisational success, including business success (Locke 2005). For the numerous reasons outlined, emotional intelligence is very important, indeed a necessary requirement, in the list of positive attributes a manager must possess for successfully managing employees in the workplace.

Conservation of Biodiversity in Cambodia Essay -- Biodiversity Cambodi

Assessment of Conservation of Biodiversity in Cambodia 1. Introduction Conservation of Biodiversity in Cambodia has been gathering momentum in the past few years in response to international conservation efforts and increased land degradation and loss (Conservation International 2004). International monetary institutions such as the World Bank and transnational NGOs such as Conservation International have been influential in changing forestry legislation in Cambodia (Reuters 2002). However, the implementation of these laws and practices are not always as successfully carried out or adhered to on a local level (Reuters 2002). The flaws in implementation may eventually lead to the degradation of the biodiversity in question. The corrupt nature of the Cambodian government and the dependency of growing populations on the resource extraction of these areas to supplement their incomes work together to prevent sustainable conservation efforts. The Central Cardamom Mountain region is the major focus of current conservation efforts and provides a portrait of contemporary environmental policy and practice in Cambodia. The Cardamom region is part of the Indo-Burma hot spot (Environment News Service 2002). The Cardamom region and the two wildlife refuges that border it collectively make up one million hectares of contiguous forest (Conservation International 2004). The area was previously protected by the Khmer Rouge who used it as a refuge until the end of their civil war in the early 1990's (McCarthy 2002). They used devices such as landmines and boobytraps to exclude others from entering (McCarthy 2002). After the civil war ended, an onslaught of hunters, fishers and loggers forced the government along with international agencies ... ...xp/CIWEB/regions/asia_pacific/cambodia/cambodia.xml. Updated May, 2004 [accessed 4/15/04]. Downie, S. 1997. Reversing the tides. UNESCO sources. Issue 93. Le Billon, P. 2002. Logging in muddy waters- the politics of forest exploitation in Cambodia. Critical Asian Studies 34:563-586. McCarthy, T. 2002. Let them run wild. Time Europe 160. Pleumarom, A. 2002. Destruction in disguise: international tourism projects in the Mekong River Basin are a model of unsustainable development. Alternatives J 28:32. Thyl De Lopez, T. 2003. Economics and stakeholders of Ream National Park, Cambodia. Ecological Economics 46:269-282. Update on the World Bank's Involvement in Forestry in Cambodia. Online. World Bank.Available:http://siteresources.worldbank.org /INTCAMBODIA /News%20and%20Events/20193833/Forestry+Update.pdf. Updated December 18, 2003 [accessed 4/15/04].

Body Language

Body language means communication with the movement or position of the human body. It can be conscious – or unconscious. It is something that is noticed by everybody but is not always given enough attention. A way to learn the secrets of body language is to watch television with the sound turned off and try to interpret what is being said simply from reading body language. You will experience that humans say a lot with their mouth which is contradicted by their body, gestures and other channels of communication.This makes it easier to tell whether a person you are talking to is happy, sad, sullen or irritated. Or whether he or she is lying to you, or is impatient, or bored. You should also be able to register whether the person appears to like you, agrees or disagrees with you, is aggressive to you, or is suspicious, angry or worried. Body language is the movements of arms and legs, body posture, the manner in which you sit, facial expressions, gait, eye movements and regular gestures such as stroking your hair, touching your nose, etc.Tilting your head signals that you are not dangerous. Perhaps you hold your hands close to your face when you talk – generally, this is a sign of insecurity. The same is true if you roll a beard or moustache with your hands or fix your hair, perhaps pushing or curling it behind an ear. The way that people sit in chairs is not coincidental. If you are lounging with arms and legs dangling, it is probably a sign that you are relaxed and feeling comfortable.If you are positioned on the edge of the chair with you legs stretched before you and your feet crossed it can signal indifference. Someone going to the dentist or waiting for a job interview might be seated on the edge of the chair with his or her feet together. If it's a woman she'll probably be hugging her handbag, or clutching a hanky. Body tension spreads to the respiratory system, forcing your breathing and making you sound short of breath. When you are in such a position it is easy to lose your head and simply run away if things take a turn for the worse.We do not believe that you can teach people to control their body language completely; they will lose control at some point or other – when they become too eager or too angry. When you try to interpret body language, you must interpret in relation to what is being said with words In order to reach your conclusion you must also pay attention to facial expression, the mouth's position, eye movements and pupil dilation and retraction. Research has shown that the speaker's face is the most reliable source of information about the mood of a person.Eyebrows that rise up and down rapidly signal acceptance of social contact. If you raise your eyebrows and keep them raised for a while it signals surprise and astonishment – perhaps even indignation. When the raised eyebrows are used along with a wink you are flirting. This can cause problems. For example, in Japan where it is conside red very inappropriate, practically improper, to use eyebrow raising at all. Tears and laughter are forms of expression that we think are fairly easy to interpret. Body Language Body language means communication with the movement or position of the human body. It can be conscious – or unconscious. It is something that is noticed by everybody but is not always given enough attention. A way to learn the secrets of body language is to watch television with the sound turned off and try to interpret what is being said simply from reading body language. You will experience that humans say a lot with their mouth which is contradicted by their body, gestures and other channels of communication.This makes it easier to tell whether a person you are talking to is happy, sad, sullen or irritated. Or whether he or she is lying to you, or is impatient, or bored. You should also be able to register whether the person appears to like you, agrees or disagrees with you, is aggressive to you, or is suspicious, angry or worried. Body language is the movements of arms and legs, body posture, the manner in which you sit, facial expressions, gait, eye movements and regular gestures such as stroking your hair, touching your nose, etc.Tilting your head signals that you are not dangerous. Perhaps you hold your hands close to your face when you talk – generally, this is a sign of insecurity. The same is true if you roll a beard or moustache with your hands or fix your hair, perhaps pushing or curling it behind an ear. The way that people sit in chairs is not coincidental. If you are lounging with arms and legs dangling, it is probably a sign that you are relaxed and feeling comfortable.If you are positioned on the edge of the chair with you legs stretched before you and your feet crossed it can signal indifference. Someone going to the dentist or waiting for a job interview might be seated on the edge of the chair with his or her feet together. If it's a woman she'll probably be hugging her handbag, or clutching a hanky. Body tension spreads to the respiratory system, forcing your breathing and making you sound short of breath. When you are in such a position it is easy to lose your head and simply run away if things take a turn for the worse.We do not believe that you can teach people to control their body language completely; they will lose control at some point or other – when they become too eager or too angry. When you try to interpret body language, you must interpret in relation to what is being said with words In order to reach your conclusion you must also pay attention to facial expression, the mouth's position, eye movements and pupil dilation and retraction. Research has shown that the speaker's face is the most reliable source of information about the mood of a person.Eyebrows that rise up and down rapidly signal acceptance of social contact. If you raise your eyebrows and keep them raised for a while it signals surprise and astonishment – perhaps even indignation. When the raised eyebrows are used along with a wink you are flirting. This can cause problems. For example, in Japan where it is conside red very inappropriate, practically improper, to use eyebrow raising at all. Tears and laughter are forms of expression that we think are fairly easy to interpret.